Usator:Sebastian~iewiki/Pronunciation

Pronunciation

Li pronunciation de Occidental varia inter relativ vast límites, nam su parlatores have divers lingual fundes. Li secuent descrition mey servir solmen quam un guid.

Occidental have 14 vocalic phonemes. Long vocales posse apparir solmen in accentuat syllabes. Vocales in accentuat syllabes es curt, si secue almen du scrit consonantes:

/a/ /aː/ - canne    /ˈkanɛ/    cane    /ˈkaːnɛ/     plazze /ˈplat͡sɛ/ place /ˈplaːt͡sɛ/
/ɛ/ /ɛː/ - planette /plaˈnɛtɛ/ planete /plaˈnɛːtɛ/
/i/ /iː/
/ɔ/ /ɔː/ - follie, folie
/u/ /uː/
/ʏ/ /ʏː/
/œ/ /œː/

Occidental have un diphthong: /a͡u/

Occidental have 26 consonantic phonemes:

                      |     labial         |     coronal         |    dorsal   |
                      |bilabial|labiodental|alveolar|postalveolar|palatal|velar|glottal|
Nasales               |    m               |    n                |   nʲ     (ŋ)|       |
Occlusives            |  p b               |  t d                |         k ɡ |       |
Frikatives            |            f v     |  s z        ʃ ʒ     |         x   |   h   |
Affricates            |                    | t͡s d͡z      t͡ʃ d͡ʒ    |             |       |
Approximantes         |                    |                     |   j       w |       |
Trills                |                    |    r                |             |       |
Lateral approximantes |                    |    l                |   lʲ        |       |

[ŋ] es un regulari allophon de /n/ ante velar occlusives (/k/ e /ɡ/).

Occidental have li secuent graphemas, queles corresponde al phonemas quam secue:

a - /a/
b - /b/
c - ante antean vocales /t͡s/, in altri casus /k/
ch - /t͡ʃ/ e /ʃ/, in non-romanic paroles anc /k/ e (rarmen) /x/
d - /d/
e - /ɛ/
eu - /œ/
f - /f/
g - ante antean vocales /ʒ/, in altri casus /ɡ/
gh - /ɡ/ (solmen ante antean vocales)
h - /h/
i - /i/
j - /d͡ʒ/
k - /k/
l - /l/
ļ - /lʲ/
m - /m/
n - /n/, ante velar occlusives realisat quam [ŋ]
ņ - /nʲ/
o - /ɔ/
p - /p/
q - /k/, presc solmen in li combination qu - /k̯u/
r - /r/
s - inter vocales /z/, in altri casus /s/
sh - /ʃ/
t - /t/, ante /̯i/ quam /t͡s/
u - /u/
v - /v/
w - /w/
x - /ks/
y - quam vocal /ʏ/, in altri casus /j/
z - /d͡z/
zz - /t͡s/

Duplic consonantes es normalmen pronunciat sam quam simplic consonantes, ma un accentuat vocal ante duplic consonantes es sempre curt.

In grec paroles on trova anc li graphemas ⟨ph⟩, ⟨rh⟩ e ⟨th⟩ quel acte egal quam ⟨f⟩, ⟨r⟩ e ⟨t⟩.

Accentuation

In un parol ti syllabe es accentuat, de quel li vocal sta ante li ultim consonante. Si secun ti regul vell esser accentuat -bil, -ic, -im, -ul, li accentu es movet un syllabe (ma ne plu) avan. Li -s del plurale e li finale -um e -men ne have influentie al loc del accentu: vocal /vɔˈkaːl/, vocale /vɔˈkaːlɛ/, vocales /vɔˈkaːlɛs/, vocalic /vɔˈkaːlik/, vocalist /vɔkaˈlist/, matematic /matɛˈmaːtik/, matematico /matɛˈmaːtikɔ/, matematicos /matɛˈmaːtikɔs/, matematicmen /matɛˈmaːtikmɛn/, diarium /diˈaːrium/. In ti casus on generalmen ne indica li loc del accentu in scrition.

Si un parol es accentuat contra ti regul, on sovente indica li loc del accentu per li signe ´: amíco, colibrí, árbor.

In li prefix ín-, li scrit accentu indica normalmen maximal un secundari accentu: ínfallibil /ˌinfaˈliːbil/. Si in un tal prefixat parol on deve scrir un duesim accentu, on max sovente ne scri un accentu che li prefix: infallibilitá /infalibiliˈtaː/.